After years of leading groups into remote wilderness, I've learned that preparation isn't just about physical fitness. It's about having the right tools when things go wrong—because eventually, they will.
The Ten Essentials, Reimagined
You've probably heard of the classic "Ten Essentials" for hiking. But as technology evolves, so should our approach to wilderness safety. Here's my updated list:
1. Communication Device
This is number one for a reason. When you're injured, lost, or facing an emergency, nothing else matters if you can't call for help or coordinate with your group.
A device like Biiper solves the most common problems: keeping your group together, sharing locations, and coordinating plans when you can't see or hear each other.
2. Navigation (Map, Compass, GPS)
Technology is great, but batteries die. Always carry a physical map and compass as backup.
3. Water and Purification
Dehydration kills faster than starvation. Carry more than you think you need.
4. Food
Pack extra for emergencies. High-calorie, lightweight options are best.
5. Rain Gear and Insulation
Hypothermia is a risk even in summer. Weather changes fast in the mountains.
6. Fire Starting Kit
Waterproof matches, lighter, and tinder. Fire provides warmth, signals rescue, and boosts morale.
7. First Aid Kit
Know how to use everything in it. Include any personal medications.
8. Knife or Multi-Tool
Useful for everything from first aid to gear repair to fire preparation.
9. Sun Protection
Sunscreen, sunglasses, hat. At altitude, UV exposure intensifies dramatically.
10. Emergency Shelter
A lightweight bivy or emergency blanket can save your life if you're forced to spend an unexpected night out.
Why Communication is #1
All the other essentials help you survive. Communication helps you get rescued. It helps your group stay together. It prevents emergencies from becoming tragedies.
In my experience, more hiking accidents escalate because of poor communication than any other factor. The group gets separated. Someone takes a wrong turn. Nobody realizes there's a problem until it's too late.
With reliable off-grid communication, you transform your group from isolated individuals into a connected team. That makes all the difference.